Upon TSMC Arizona’s signing of a Preliminary Memorandum of Terms (PMT) with the Biden Administration, the decision to manufacture 2nm chips in its third fab and part of the second fab capacities in Arizona has many people questioning the plan.

With ASML recently stating that 20% of their recent orders are held by Chinese customers and nearly half of their revenue comes from China, the future operation trend of the world’s largest lithography maker can be said to be deeply tied to China.

As the AI boom gains momentum, the High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) sector emerges as a pivotal battleground, with three major memory chipmakers vying to reshape the industry landscape. Despite the sixth-generation HBM4 not expected to enter mass production until 2026, the alliance formulation race for dominance in the AI sector is well underway.