Steven Ho, founder and chairman of 91App, outlined the development of e-commerce in Taiwan over the past 30 years, emphasizing the shift from consumer-to-consumer (C2C) to business-to-consumer (B2C), and currently direct-to-consumer (D2C) models. Speaking at a recent Taiwan Venture Capital Association (TVCA) forum, he noted that Taiwan’s e-commerce penetration rate remains at 13.5%, with over 80% of sales still occurring through physical retail channels, highlighting considerable growth potential for online retail.