A major memory shortage is hitting the industry as the supply-demand gap widens. Some upstream memory manufacturers are prioritizing server shipments, while other companies have been aggressively stockpiling due to shortages. Among US-based CSPs, Google and Microsoft have moved the fastest and come out on top. The four major US CSPs have recently begun product validation with Nanya Technology, intending to diversify DDR4 DIMM module supply beyond Korean memory suppliers.